◆Initial morphology and dispersity: The initial morphology and dispersion of ceramic materials can be observed by SEM, and their size distribution, shape, and degree of agglomeration can be evaluated, so as to optimize the powder preparation and dispersion process. It is essential to improve the performance of ceramic materials.

◆Sintering process monitoring: In the ceramic sintering process, SEM can be used to observe the microstructure changes of the ceramic body at different temperatures, which can determine the optimal sintering temperature and holding time and avoid defects such as pore closure.

◆Fracture morphology analysis: For ceramic materials that have failed or damaged after testing, SEM can be used to analyze the fracture morphology of the materials and reveal the fracture mechanism of the materials, providing a basis for improving the properties of the materials.

◆Crystal structure analysis: Combined with the electron diffraction technology, SEM can be used to determine the lattice structure and crystal orientation of ceramic materials, so as to further understand the microstructure and phase transition process inside the materials. It is of great significance for understanding the properties of materials, improving the preparation process, and exploring new material systems.

◆Crystal grain morphology and size: SEM can clearly display the crystal grain morphology and size of ceramic materials, providing an intuitive basis for optimizing the sintering process and improving the material properties.

◆Oxide ceramics: For example, for alumina ceramics, SEM can be used to observe the micro topography characteristics, pore structure, and crystal grain growth. Alumina ceramics are widely used in electronic cigarette heating elements, ceramic atomizers and other fields due to their excellent conductivity, mechanical strength and high temperature resistance.

◆Ferroelectric ceramics: For example, for barium titanate ceramics, SEM can intuitively and accurately observe the distribution, particle size and morphology of the powder sample. As a typical ferroelectric material, barium titanate is important in the electronic ceramics industry and is widely used in the manufacture of components such as multilayer ceramic capacitors.